Along with the development of the country and the objective management of each period, the level of information required accounting period are also different, the expression is also different. Accounting system Vietnam had the success clarity with full legal basis from the accounting Law, the decree instructed the accounting Law, the system of accounting standards and the circulars accounting standards; Accounting mode the business type. So, how to meet the accounting information required is the basic content of this article.

First, the basic requirements of accounting information

Some basic requirements of accounting information can now be listed there as:

• Honestly, the information and the accounting data must be recorded and reported on the basis of the evidence in full, objective and realistic about the situation, the nature of the content and the value of the economic profession arises.
• Objectively, the information and the accounting data must be recorded and reported properly with reality, not dishonesty, not distorted.
• Full, every economic, financial services relating to accounting period must be recorded and reported in full, not to be missed.
• In time, the information and the accounting data must be recorded and reported in a timely manner, or before the deadline prescribed, not late.
• Understandably, the accounting data and information presented in the financial report must be clear, easy to understand for users. The use here is understood as the knowledge about business, economics, finance, accounting in average. Information about the complex issues in the financial report to be in section presentation.

Can compare, the accounting data and information between the accounting period within an enterprise and between enterprises can only compare was when calculated and presented consistently. Cases are not consistent, they must explain in section presentation to users of financial statements can compare information between the accounting period, between enterprises or between information made with information estimation, planning.

Second, the basis of formation of accounting information

To form the accounting information needed to pass the whole accounting process from initial information gathering, processing and then sewn to analyze and provide accounting information.

Collect accounting information that is the original record of the economic profession of finance generated through accounting methods (expression is the accounting and the sequence rotated accounting). With this stitch, the whole profession arising originally recorded on a certificate from an honest, reasonable, adequate base to the platform for the next stitch of the accounting process.

Processing of accounting information, that is through the original information, will continue to be categorized, sorted, processed, codified through the accounting method as accounting account method and the method to calculate the aggregate method,-balance, aiming to get the appropriate information to recorded on the ledger type , the related reports. In this stitch, the financial economics profession arising have been processing the suit and noted, but has yet to provide a comprehensive information which must continue to proceed to the next step.

The analysis and provision of information is from the accounting information to be recorded will continue to be analyzed through the method of longitudinal analysis, analysis of horizontally, absolute numbers, relatively, ... In order to get the data, the information meets the requirements of the related object. For example, data from the outstanding balance on the balance Sheet through the analytical method will only read the financial reports know the absolute numbers between this period and the balance of money money balances, will know the level of increase/decrease of cash balances, will know the cause alters the balance of money ,...

Third, the form of expression of the accounting information

Accounting using the measure of value, the measure of the artifacts and the measure of time. However, it is still primarily a measure of value. For financial accounting provides the financial economic information primarily for external objects should have legal value high and according to certain stereotype presentation, forms of expression and time; In contrast, the principal management accounting provides information for business owners in the conduct and business decisions, not mandatory in nature should have the form of expression and instant reports on request. Furthermore, management accounting uses the figures of the past from which future-oriented, should also report pattern diversity aims to meet the requirement to provide information of business owners.

Wednesday, judge the quality of accounting information

To assess the quality of accounting information provided depending on the needs and objectives, as well as on the different accounting new report reviews the quality of accounting information. As through financial reports will know the situation of the property, the property formation source; business results and the degree of certainty about the cash flow of the business. Specifically:

With CĐKT Panel will provide information on the situation of the property and the source of enterprise's asset formation at a time. The only part of the property reflects the value the type of existing business capital to financial reporting, allowing reviews scale, investment structure, capacity and level of use of capital of the enterprises, help enterprises build a reasonable capital structure; The type of the specific capital enterprises are have the right management, the right to use in production. On the other hand, enterprises have to be responsible in the use of it assets in the production business in order to bring high economic efficiency.

Part of the capital value and the scale of resources that businesses have been mobilized to ensure the use of assets of the business in the manufacturing business. Allows to evaluate the financial status of each structure, sources of capital used in business activities; Expressing the right to manage and use the kind of capital investment in enterprises that form the structure of the property. On the other hand, businesses must be responsible for the management and use of resources.

With the resulting HĐKD report will provide information about income, expenses, tax obligations and the results of the business during a period of

With the report provided information on LCTT cash flow of the business and the ability, the level of certainty of business cash flow generated in a period; the texture, the proportion of the cash flow generated in the business.

With A presentation of the financial report will provide additional information, illustrations, more details about the accounting balance sheets, reports business results and cash flow statements as well as explanations of the accounting policy compliance and other information related to the business.

With the management report will help business owners know the future plans, which serve to control costs in the production process or serve the local businesses, sale priced products, estimation of the financial report, ... The management has no certain pattern which primarily by business accounting based on the requirement to provide information to management objectives, put out the report.

With tax information and tax accounting, will help business owners know the implementation obligations with the State budget as well as the use of the provisions on fiscal policy, tax policy, to bring the highest benefit for the business. Currently, related to tax law issues on the management of tax and specific tax legislation. Each specific taxes, there will be certain reports tailored to meet the requirements of the tax administration.

By scale, the field operation which requires provision of information is also different, as for multinational corporations, across the country, the characteristics required to provide information would be:

First, reflect the issues related to the exchange rate: most international business activity involves a change this money grab for money to make the payment. That behavior, always related to the exchange rate. Meanwhile, the exchange rate fluctuates over time, make the payment in cash flow also varies. Consequently, the amount of local currency that the company should pay to buy foreign goods can change, even when the person did not supply to adjust their prices. The volatility of the exchange rate can also impact on foreign demand for the products of the company. When the domestic currency sharply up, the product is shown in the currency which will be more expensive for foreigners. This can lead to the decline of demand and from that which reduces cash inflows. For corporations have branches abroad, exchange rate fluctuations affect the value of the flow of money transferred from the Company to the parent Company. When the currency in the country of the parent Company, the money was transferred unconscious figure will decrease in comparison with the amount of domestic consumption.

Second, compliance with regulations on financial accounting policies of each country have the company: With extensive operational networks in many countries, in each country the this Company must adhere to the rules of financial accounting policy of the country. At the same time, to serve the common goal of both transnational corporations must submit periodic reports on the implementation of parent Company controlled as well as serve the best financial reporting. The conversion of financial statements according to the regulations of the country affect the accounting policy, financial regulation and other regulations, ... However, the consolidated financial statements only made when there is a disagreement about the accounting policy, accounting period, ... So, back to adjust to this goal. To accomplish this, can the parent Company's accounting will have specific policy originally intended to serve the inspection as well as the consolidated financial reports or may have to make additional financial reporting aimed at limiting the differences.

Third, the profession related to the assets, liabilities, revenue, costs between the child and parent Company: Company demonstrates independence in the company of children actively draw out the business policy, financial-economic policy aims to target the profits of the Company as well as of both corporations. In this process arises the profession related to property increase/decrease, increase/decrease of resources, noting revenue, noted the cost, ... In addition, the dependent parent Company performed has the right to participate in the proposed financial policies and the economic activity aimed at obtaining general economic interests of transnational corporations. Should need the allocation of costs, revenues, profit between the mother and the daughter Company.

Fourth, the relationship with the joint venture, the company links: relationship with the joint venture Company, the link is necessary in the transaction to perform the operations. The reflection of transactions with the Company in compliance with the regulations but correct method of noting and reflect different. And when preparing presentations, consolidated financial reporting is also an important requirement.

Thursday, have multiple objects using accounting information with the various standards: the mother Company located in a country and have more Company, joint venture, the company links in different countries, but when providing information about consolidated financial report of transnational corporations must be standardized according to certain rules and can affirm is that the standards have been designed international payments are generally widely acknowledged, have legal value. Therefore, in the process of preparing the presentation and consolidated financial reporting transformation according to the international regulations is inevitable and will have the critical transactions.

So, to make the decision to serve economic management, business executives need and priority is based on the accounting information, tax information of your business. Aware of this, so that the business owner plan the accept-process and analysis, provides accounting information to meet the role for each business.